"American Auto News" announced the list of the world's top 100 auto parts suppliers in 2018. There are 8 Chinese companies (including acquisitions) on the list. The top 10 companies in the list are: Robert Bosch ( Germany), Denso (Japan), Magna (Canada), China (Germany), ZF (Germany), Aisin Seiki (Japan), Hyundai Mobis (Korea), Lear (USA), Valeo (France), Faurecia (France).
In the list, German companies topped the list, with three of the top five. The number of Chinese companies on the list has increased from one in 2013 to eight in 2018, and three of them are Nexteer, Beijing Hainachuan and Puri. Yan Feng, who specializes in interior and exterior decoration, is the only company in China that has entered the top 20 companies. The most important thing to pay attention to is the main products of the listed companies. The top 10 enterprises mainly focus on the core technology products such as power transmission, chassis control, transmission and steering system. The majority of Chinese enterprises mainly occupy interior and exterior products. . Although this list is not necessarily comprehensive, as a list that has long been accepted globally, the issues it reflects are still worthy of attention.
Although after decades of development, China has become the world's largest automobile producer and consumer country, and its production and sales have won global championships for many years. Domestic sales even exceed the total domestic sales of the United States, Japan and Germany, but China is still called It is a big car country, not a strong country. Because the strength of the automobile industry is not just a matter of the number of heroes, but the logic of having "the parts and components get the world". For the Chinese auto industry, it is difficult to build a complete vehicle and make parts. The auto parts industry is known as the ice zone of the Chinese auto industry.
According to the analysis of the development status of China's auto parts industry in 2017, between 2006 and 2015, China's automobile (including motorcycle) parts industry has developed rapidly, and the industry's operating income has continued to grow, with an average annual growth rate of 13.31%. The ratio of vehicle to component production value reached 1:1, but in mature markets such as Europe and the United States, the ratio reached 1:1.7. In addition, although there are a large number of local parts and components companies, it is a foreign-invested auto parts company with obvious advantages. Although these enterprises only account for 20% of the enterprises above the scale in the industry, their market share is more than 70%, and the market share of Chinese brand auto parts companies is less than 30%. In the high-tech content areas such as automotive electronics and engine key components, foreign-invested background companies have a higher market share. Among them, engine management systems (including EFI), ABS and other core components, foreign companies account for more than 90%.
Obviously, there is a big gap between the development level of China's auto parts industry and the strong auto industry. Sitting in the world's largest auto market, China's auto parts industry is so obscured in the international industrial value chain.
Tsinghua University professor Zhao Fuquan once analyzed this. He said that with the OEM directly facing consumers, as long as the products made are cost-effective, there will be consumers paying, and the parts companies directly face Whether the OEM can get the order depends on the trust of the OEM. At present, automakers in various countries have relatively stable supplier systems, and it is difficult for Chinese component companies that do not have core technologies to intervene. In fact, the initial development of foreign parts and components enterprises is largely due to the support of domestic automakers including funds, technology and management. China's parts and components companies do not have such conditions, and there is no OEM. The volume of orders brings in capital, and the parts companies do not have enough motivation to carry out research and development. He stressed that compared with the whole vehicle, the technical expertise of parts and components is stronger, and the breakthrough of originality is emphasized. This is not a simple imitation, and its technological innovation is more difficult.
It is understood that the technical content and quality of the vehicle are largely reflected in the parts, because 60% of the parts are bought. It can be foreseen that if the local parts industry is not strong, and a number of strong parts with advanced core technology, good quality level, strong cost control capability and sufficient high-quality production capacity will not be born, the Chinese automobile industry cannot be stronger.
Compared with the history of automobile development in developed countries for hundreds of years, it is difficult for the domestic enterprise parts and components enterprises to develop and grow. In the face of difficulties, it is not unreasonable to start with relatively simple parts such as interiors. China's auto market is huge, and it is not difficult for local parts and components companies to share a piece of it. Under this circumstance, it is hoped that local enterprises will not stop here. Although the core technology is a hard bone, there is always the courage to “squat”, establish the thinking of lifting research and development, and increase investment in talents and capital. In view of the fact that there is a big gap between local enterprises and foreign companies, it is necessary for the state to take action to cultivate and foster a group of local key component companies to become stronger.
